12.20% is what you get when you turn the fraction 10/82 into a percentage.
The fraction 10/82 tells you that for every 82 equal parts, 10 of them are being counted. It’s a small portion of a whole, and showing it as a percent makes the size easier to compare with other numbers.
Because we round to two decimal places, the result stays at 12.20%, which is a tidy, quick way to understand the fraction’s size in everyday terms.