12/45 as a percentage is 26.67%. This number tells you how much of a whole the fraction represents when you look at it in terms of hundredths.
The fraction 12/45 can be reduced by dividing both the numerator and the denominator by 3, giving the simpler form 4/15. Even in its reduced form, the value stays the same, so whether you see 12/45, 4/15, or 26.67%, they all describe the same proportion.
In everyday situations, you might use this percentage to compare parts of a group. For example, if a class has 45 students and 12 of them have blue backpacks, you could say that about 26.67% of the class has blue backpacks. This makes it easy to communicate the idea without dealing with fractions.