4/42 as a percentage is 9.52%. This value tells you how much of a whole the fraction represents when you look at it on a scale of 100.
The fraction 4/42 can be reduced to 2/21, which still keeps the same size. Whether you write it as 4/42 or 2/21, the percentage stays the same.
Seeing the percentage makes it easier to compare this fraction with other numbers, like grades or test scores, because most people are used to thinking in terms of hundredths.
In everyday language, you could say that 4 out of 42 parts is just a little under ten percent of the whole. This quick view helps you understand the size without doing any extra math.